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Astrology glossary

Lagna, bhava, nakshatra, dasha, navamsa, tithi, muhurta: the most important words of the kundli and the panchang, one line each, by area. The full glossary opens beside every technical word on the site.

Abhijit (nakshatra) (अभिजित)
A small span at the end of Uttara Ashadha and start of Shravana that some muhurta texts count as a 28th nakshatra.
Abhijit muhurta (अभिजित मुहूर्त)
The eighth of the fifteen daytime muhurtas, around local midday.
Adhi yoga (अधि योग)
Gentle planets in the 6th, 7th and 8th from the Moon.
Adhika masa (अधिक मास)
A lunar month with no sankranti in it; it comes about every 32–33 months and is also called Purushottama masa.
Akshavedamsa (D45) (अक्षवेदांश (D45))
The sign split into forty-five; linked with the paternal legacy and character.
Amanta (अमांत)
The month that ends on amavasya; used in Gujarat, Maharashtra and South India.
Amavasya (अमावस्या)
The last (30th) tithi, in the krishna paksha, the new Moon.
Anapha yoga (अनफा योग)
A planet other than the Sun in the 12th from the Moon.
Annaprashan (अन्नप्राशन)
The rite of a baby's first taste of grain; when solid food starts is for the doctor to decide.
Ansha, kala, vikala (degree, minute, second) (अंश, कला, विकला)
Units of the zodiac: one sign is 30 degrees, one degree 60 minutes, one minute 60 seconds.
Antardasha (bhukti) (अंतर्दशा (भुक्ति))
The second level inside a mahadasha, split into nine parts in the same order; length = MD years × sub-lord years ÷ 120.
Apoklima (cadent houses) (आपोक्लिम)
The houses after the panapharas: the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th.
Ashtakavarga (अष्टकवर्ग)
A counting system in which seven planets and the lagna give points to each sign; used for reading transits.
Ashtakoot (अष्टकूट)
The eight kootas of matching (varna, vashya, tara, yoni, graha maitri, gana, bhakoot, nadi), 36 points in all.
Ashtottari dasha (अष्टोत्तरी दशा)
A 108-year dasha system of eight planets (without Ketu), used under certain conditions.
Asta (combustion) (अस्त)
A planet so close to the Sun that it is lost in its glare; the distance differs for each planet.
Atmakaraka (आत्मकारक)
In the Jaimini system, the planet with the highest degree within its sign, taken as the significator of the self.
Avakahada chakra (अवकहड़ा चक्र)
A small table built from the Moon's sign and nakshatra: name syllable, varna, vashya, yoni, gana, nadi, tattva and pāya.
Ayana (अयन)
The two six-month halves of the Sun's northward (uttarayana) and southward (dakshinayana) course; panchangs often count uttarayana from Makar Sankranti.
Ayanamsa (अयनांश)
The gap between the tropical and the sidereal zodiac, about 24° at present.
Bhadra (Vishti karana) (भद्रा (विष्टि))
The seventh movable karana, which tradition does not choose for new beginnings; only a rule for choosing a time.
Bhadra yoga (भद्र योग)
The Pancha Mahapurusha yoga formed by Mercury.
Bhakoot (भकूट)
The koota from the distance between the two Moon signs; worth 7 points in matching.
Bhakoot dosha (भकूट दोष)
The two Moon signs at 2–12, 5–9 or 6–8; not counted when the sign lords are the same or friends.
Bhamsha / Saptavimshamsa (D27) (भांश (D27))
The sign split into twenty-seven; linked with temperament and capacity.
Bhava (house) (भाव)
The twelve divisions of the chart, each linked by tradition with certain areas of life.
Bhava bala (भाव बल)
The arithmetic strength of a house, built from its lord, direction and aspects.
Bhava chalit (भाव चलित)
A chart that divides the houses by the actual degrees of the lagna and midheaven; ePandit uses the Śrīpati method.
Bhava madhya (house midpoint) (भाव मध्य)
The middle degree of a house; in the chalit, the lagna is the 1st-house midpoint and the MC the 10th.
Bhava sandhi (house junction) (भाव संधि)
The point between two neighbouring house midpoints, where one house ends and the next begins.
Bhavesh (house lord) (भावेश)
The planet that rules the sign falling in a house.
Bhinnashtakavarga (BAV) (भिन्नाष्टकवर्ग (BAV))
One planet's own table, giving every sign 0 to 8 bindus.
Bindu (बिंदु)
One point given to a sign by a contributor in the ashtakavarga.
Birth chart (kundli) (कुंडली)
A map of the sky at the moment of birth: twelve houses, twelve signs and nine grahas.
Brahma muhurta (ब्रह्म मुहूर्त)
The muhurta before sunrise (about 96 to 48 minutes before), which tradition picks for study and meditation.
Budh (Mercury) (बुध)
The graha tradition links with intellect, speech and trade; lord of Mithuna and Kanya, exalted in Kanya.
Budha-Aditya yoga (बुधादित्य योग)
The Sun and Mercury in the same sign; a very common yoga, the name from tradition.
Cancellation (bhanga) (निवारण (भंग))
The conditions in the texts under which a yoga or dosha is not counted; ePandit shows them alongside.
Chandra (Moon) (चंद्र)
The graha tradition links with the mind and the mother; lord of Karka, exalted in Vrishabha.
Chandra bala (चंद्र बल)
Which house from the birth Moon sign the day's Moon is in; tradition favours 1, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11.
Chandra kundli (Moon chart) (चंद्र कुंडली)
The same chart read with the Moon's sign taken as the 1st house.
Chandra masa (lunar month) (चंद्र मास)
The month from one new Moon to the next (or full Moon to full Moon), about 29.5 days.
Chandra-Mangala yoga (चंद्र-मंगल योग)
The Moon and Mars in one sign (Raman also counts their mutual aspect).
Chara dasha (चर दशा)
The sign-based dasha of the Jaimini system, in which signs rather than planets take turns.
Chara karaka (चर कारक)
Seven significators set by degree order: atma, amatya, bhratru, matru, putra, gnati and dara karaka.
Chara rashi (movable sign) (चर राशि)
Mesha, Karka, Tula and Makara, which tradition links with motion and beginnings.
Chaturthamsa (D4) (चतुर्थांश (D4))
The sign split into four; linked with home and property.
Chaturvimshamsa (D24) (चतुर्विंशांश (D24))
The sign split into twenty-four; linked with learning.
Chesta bala (motional strength) (चेष्टा बल)
Strength from a planet's motion, especially retrogression; for Mars to Saturn.
Chhaya graha (shadow planet) (छाया ग्रह)
A name for Rahu and Ketu, since they are calculated points, not bodies.
Choghadiya (चौघड़िया)
A system splitting day and night into eight parts each (amrit, shubh, labh, char, udveg, kaal, rog); the names are traditional labels.
Daan (charity) (दान)
Giving to those in need, which tradition links with the grahas; guidance only, source-labelled.
Darakaraka (दारकारक)
In the Jaimini system, the planet with the lowest degree, taken as the significator of the spouse.
Dasha (दशा)
A system that divides life's timeline into periods run by the grahas in turn.
Dasha balance at birth (भोग्य दशा (दशा शेष))
The unused part of the first mahadasha at birth, set by how much of its nakshatra the Moon has left.
Dasha sandhi (दशा संधि)
The junction where one mahadasha ends and the next begins, which tradition sees as a time of transition.
Dashamsa (D10) (दशमांश (D10))
The sign split into ten; linked with work and career.
Dashanath (dasha lord) (दशानाथ)
The planet whose period is running is the lord of that period.
Day's nakshatra (आज का नक्षत्र)
The third limb of the panchang: the nakshatra the Moon is in today.
Dhaiya (ढैया)
Saturn's transit of about 2½ years through the 4th or 8th sign from the Moon sign; like sade sati, read with the rest of the chart.
Dhana bhava (2nd house) (धन भाव)
The 2nd house: savings, family, speech and food.
Dhana yoga (धन योग)
A link between the 2nd/11th and 5th/9th lords that tradition associates with earning; not a promise of any sum.
Dhanu (Sagittarius) (धनु)
The 9th sign, fire, dual; ruled by Jupiter.
Dharma bhava (9th house) (धर्म (भाग्य) भाव)
The 9th house: dharma, teachers, father, long journeys and fortune.
Dig bala (directional strength) (दिग्बल)
The full score a planet gets in one particular house (direction), e.g. the Sun and Mars in the 10th.
Dosha (दोष)
A traditional name for a placement the texts ask us to look at carefully; ePandit shows it with its cancellations and without fear.
Drekkana (D3) (द्रेष्काण (D3))
The sign split into three parts of 10°; linked with siblings.
Drik bala (aspectual strength) (दृग् बल)
Strength added or reduced by the aspects of other planets.
Drishti (aspect) (दृष्टि)
A planet's 'glance' at another house; every planet aspects the 7th, Mars also the 4th and 8th, Jupiter the 5th and 9th, Saturn the 3rd and 10th.
Durmuhurta (दुर्मुहूर्त)
Certain muhurtas of each weekday that muhurta texts set aside for important work.
Durudhara yoga (दुरुधरा योग)
Planets (other than the Sun) in both the 2nd and the 12th from the Moon.
Dusthana (trik houses) (दुःस्थान (त्रिक))
The 6th, 8th and 12th houses; a technical group name for houses of effort, change and expense, not a verdict.
Dwadashamsa (D12) (द्वादशांश (D12))
The sign split into twelve; linked with parents.
Dwiswabhava rashi (dual sign) (द्विस्वभाव राशि)
Mithuna, Kanya, Dhanu and Meena, which are taken to share movable and fixed qualities.
Ekadashi (एकादशी)
The 11th tithi of each paksha, a widely kept vrat day.
Functional benefic (कार्यकारी शुभ ग्रह)
A planet taken as supportive in a chart because it rules favourable houses (such as 1, 5, 9) for that lagna.
Gajakesari yoga (गजकेसरी योग)
Jupiter in a kendra (1, 4, 7, 10) from the Moon.
Gana (गण)
Three groups by nakshatra: deva, manushya, rakshasa; rakshasa is an old category name, not evil; worth 6 points in matching.
Gana dosha (गण दोष)
When the two people's ganas do not match in matching; ePandit shows it with its cancellations.
Gandanta (गंडांत)
The short span around the nakshatra junctions where water signs meet fire signs (Revati–Ashwini, Ashlesha–Magha, Jyeshtha–Mula).
Gandmool (गंडमूल)
Birth in six nakshatras (Ashwini, Ashlesha, Magha, Jyeshtha, Mula, Revati); the shānti is optional and it signals no misfortune for anyone.
Garbhadhan (गर्भाधान)
The first of the sixteen sanskars, linked with the wish for a child.
Ghati (ghatika) (घटी)
A traditional unit of time: one-sixtieth of a day and night, i.e. 24 minutes.
Gochara (transit) (गोचर)
Reading the planets' current movement against the birth chart, traditionally from the Moon sign.
Godhuli (गोधूलि)
The time around sunset, which many traditions choose for weddings.
Graha (ग्रह)
The nine bodies of jyotish: Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn, Rahu and Ketu.
Graha maitri (koota) (ग्रह मैत्री (कूट))
The friendship between the lords of the two Moon signs; worth 5 points in matching.
Graha shanti (ग्रह शांति)
A worship and homa rite for a graha, described in the last chapters of BPHS; guidance only, source-labelled, never tied to fear.
Graha yuddha (planetary war) (ग्रह युद्ध)
Two of the planets Mars to Saturn coming within one degree of each other; the texts name one of them the winner.
Gulika kaal (गुलिक काल)
A one-eighth part of the day linked with Saturn, in South Indian panchangs.
Guna milan (गुण मिलान)
Counting the ashtakoot points between two charts; points alone never decide a marriage.
Guru (Jupiter) (गुरु (बृहस्पति))
The graha tradition links with wisdom, dharma and children; lord of Dhanu and Meena, exalted in Karka.
Hamsa yoga (हंस योग)
The Pancha Mahapurusha yoga formed by Jupiter.
Harsha yoga (हर्ष योग)
The 6th lord in the 6th, 8th or 12th.
Havan (homa) (हवन (होम))
The Vedic rite of offering oblations into fire; guidance only, source-labelled.
Hora (D2) (होरा (D2))
The sign split in two (Sun and Moon horas); tradition links it with wealth.
Hora (planetary hour) (होरा)
The 24 parts of a day and night counted from sunrise, each with a planetary lord; the first belongs to the weekday's lord.
Hora shastra (होरा शास्त्र)
The branch of jyotish dealing with birth charts (one of three branches, with siddhanta and samhita).
Ishtakaal (इष्टकाल)
The time elapsed from sunrise to the moment of birth, written in ghati and pala.
Jaimini system (जैमिनी पद्धति)
The system based on the Jaimini Sutras, with tools such as chara karakas, sign aspects and chara dasha.
Janma nakshatra (birth star) (जन्म नक्षत्र)
The nakshatra the Moon occupies at birth; the dasha and the name syllable come from it.
Janma rashi (Moon sign) (जन्म राशि)
The sign the Moon occupies at birth; in North India this is what 'your rashi' usually means.
Japa (जप)
Repeated, counted recitation of a mantra or name, often on a mala; guidance only, source-labelled.
Jatakarma (जातकर्म)
The rite just after birth that welcomes the baby.
Jyotish (ज्योतिष)
The Indian discipline, a Vedanga, of reading time and life through the lights of the sky.
Kaal sarp (calm check) (काल सर्प (शांत जाँच))
All seven planets on one side of Rahu and Ketu; BPHS does not name it, it is a later classification; ePandit shows it only as a pattern.
Kakshya (कक्ष्या)
The eight 3°45′ parts of each sign in the ashtakavarga, used to read a transit more finely.
Kala bala (temporal strength) (काल बल)
Strength from the time of birth: day or night, paksha, year, month, weekday and hora.
Kalatra bhava (7th house) (कलत्र भाव)
The 7th house: spouse, partnership and dealings with others.
Kanya (Virgo) (कन्या)
The 6th sign, earth, dual; ruled by Mercury.
Karaka (significator) (कारक)
A planet taken to represent a subject, e.g. Jupiter for children and Venus for marriage.
Karana (करण)
Half a tithi (6°); 11 karanas in all, 4 fixed and 7 movable.
Karka (Cancer) (कर्क)
The 4th sign, water, movable; ruled by the Moon.
Karma bhava (10th house) (कर्म भाव)
The 10th house: work, profession, status and public standing.
Karnavedh (कर्णवेध)
The rite of piercing a child's ears.
Kemadruma yoga (केमद्रुम योग)
No planet but the Sun on either side (2nd, 12th) of the Moon; in most charts at least one cancellation applies.
Kendra (angular houses) (केंद्र)
The 1st, 4th, 7th and 10th houses, which tradition sees as the pillars of the chart.
Kendradhipati dosha (केंद्राधिपति दोष)
The classical rule that a gentle planet owning a kendra is taken to lose some of its gentle nature.
Ketu (केतु)
The Moon's south node, always exactly 180° from Rahu.
Khavedamsa (D40) (खवेदांश (D40))
The sign split into forty; linked with the maternal legacy.
Krishna paksha (कृष्ण पक्ष)
The waning fortnight from purnima to amavasya.
Kshaya masa (क्षय मास)
The rare lunar month in which two sankrantis fall.
Kshaya tithi (क्षय तिथि)
A tithi that starts after one sunrise and ends before the next, so it is 'skipped' in the panchang.
Kumbha (Aquarius) (कुंभ)
The 11th sign, air, fixed; ruled by Saturn.
Labha bhava (11th house) (लाभ भाव)
The 11th house: income, gains, elder siblings and circle of friends.
Lagna (ascendant) (लग्न)
The sign and degree rising on the eastern horizon at birth; it becomes the 1st house.
Lagna shuddhi (लग्न शुद्धि)
Checking the lagna rising at the chosen time, and the planets from it, in muhurta.
Lagnesh (lagna lord) (लग्नेश)
The planet that rules the sign of the lagna.
Lahiri ayanamsa (लाहिड़ी अयनांश)
The Chitrapaksha ayanamsa, which places the star Chitra (Spica) at 180°, adopted in India's calendar reform; ePandit uses it.
Lal Kitab (लाल किताब)
A separate tradition of remedies that ePandit shows under its own label; guidance only, source-labelled.
Lok manyata (source label) (लोक मान्यता (स्रोत-लेबल))
The label for a point that comes from folk belief.
Mahadasha (महादशा)
The top level of a dasha; e.g. Venus runs 20 years and the Sun 6.
Makara (Capricorn) (मकर)
The 10th sign, earth, movable; ruled by Saturn.
Malavya yoga (मालव्य योग)
The Pancha Mahapurusha yoga formed by Venus.
Mangal (Mars) (मंगल)
The graha tradition links with courage and energy; lord of Mesha and Vrishchika, exalted in Makara.
Mangal dosha (kuja dosha) (मंगल दोष (कुज दोष))
Mars in the 2nd, 4th, 7th, 8th or 12th from the lagna, Moon or Venus with no cancellation applying; looked at only in matching, and it decides nothing alone.
Mangal dosha parihar (मंगल दोष परिहार)
The classical conditions (per-house exemptions, Simha/Kumbha, with Jupiter or the Moon) under which mangal dosha is not counted.
Mantra (मंत्र)
A sacred formula recited for a deity or graha; guidance only, source-labelled.
Maraka sthana (मारक स्थान)
The classical term for the 2nd and 7th houses in longevity calculation; ePandit does not compute longevity.
Margi (direct) (मार्गी)
A planet's normal forward motion; the opposite of retrograde.
Meena (Pisces) (मीन)
The 12th sign, water, dual; ruled by Jupiter.
Mesha (Aries) (मेष)
The 1st sign, fire, movable; ruled by Mars.
Midheaven (MC) (दशम (MC))
The point of the ecliptic that is highest in the sky, on the meridian, at birth.
Mithuna (Gemini) (मिथुन)
The 3rd sign, air, dual; ruled by Mercury.
Moolatrikona (मूलत्रिकोण)
A set part of a planet's sign where its dignity is ranked above own sign, e.g. the Sun in Simha 0–20°.
Muhurta (मुहूर्त)
A time chosen for an undertaking; as a unit, 48 minutes (one-thirtieth of a day and night).
Mundan (chudakarma) (मुंडन (चूड़ाकर्म))
The rite of shaving a child's birth hair for the first time.
Muntha (मुंथा)
A point in the annual chart that advances one sign a year from the birth lagna.
Nabhasa yogas (नाभस योग)
Yogas formed by the overall shape of the planets' spread in a chart; 'sarpa yoga' is one of them.
Nadi (नाड़ी)
Three groups by nakshatra: aadi, madhya, antya; worth the most points in matching, 8.
Nadi dosha (नाड़ी दोष)
The bride's and groom's birth nakshatras sharing one nadi; the Muhūrta-cintāmaṇi gives three cancellations.
Naisargika bala (natural strength) (नैसर्गिक बल)
Each planet's fixed natural strength; the Sun's is highest (60 virupas) and Saturn's lowest.
Naisargika maitri (natural friendship) (नैसर्गिक मैत्री)
The fixed friend, neutral and unfriendly relations between planets, the same in every chart.
Nakshatra (नक्षत्र)
The 27 divisions of the zodiac of 13°20′ each; the Moon spends about a day in each.
Nakshatra deity (नक्षत्र देवता)
The deity linked with each nakshatra, e.g. the Ashvini Kumaras for Ashwini.
Nakshatra groups (muhurta) (नक्षत्र समूह (मुहूर्त))
Seven groups by nature in the Muhūrta-cintāmaṇi: fixed, movable, gentle, swift, mixed, forceful and sharp.
Nakshatra lord (नक्षत्र स्वामी)
The planet ruling each nakshatra in the Vimshottari order, e.g. Ketu for Ashwini.
Name syllable (नाम अक्षर)
The syllable given by the pada of the birth nakshatra, with which tradition starts a name.
Namkaran (नामकरण)
The naming rite, usually on the 11th or 12th day; the first letter from the birth nakshatra's pada.
Neecha (debilitation) (नीच)
The sign exactly opposite the exaltation sign; a technical dignity state, not a verdict on its own.
Neecha bhanga (नीचभंग)
The cancellation of debilitation when certain conditions in the chart are met.
Neecha bhanga raja yoga (नीचभंग राज योग)
The raja yoga Phaladeepika counts when the conditions that cancel a planet's debilitation are met.
Nirayana (sidereal) (निरयन)
The zodiac measured against the fixed stars; Indian astrology uses it.
Nishkraman (निष्क्रमण)
The rite of taking the baby outdoors for the first time to see the Sun.
North Indian chart style (उत्तर भारतीय कुंडली)
The diamond-shaped chart in which the houses stay fixed and the sign numbers change.
Odd and even signs (विषम और सम राशि)
Counting from Mesha, odd signs (1, 3, 5…) are classed male and even signs (2, 4, 6…) female.
Pada (quarter) (पद (चरण))
A quarter of a nakshatra, 3°20′; each of the 108 padas has its own name syllable.
Paksha (पक्ष)
Half a lunar month, 15 tithis: shukla or krishna.
Pala (vighati) (पल)
One-sixtieth of a ghati, i.e. 24 seconds.
Panaphara (succedent houses) (पणफर)
The houses after the kendras: the 2nd, 5th, 8th and 11th.
Pancha Mahapurusha yogas (पंच महापुरुष योग)
Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus or Saturn in its own or exaltation sign in a kendra from the lagna.
Panchadha maitri (fivefold relation) (पंचधा मैत्री)
Natural and temporary relations combined into five grades, from great friend to great opponent.
Panchaka (पंचक)
The Moon in Kumbha and Meena (second half of Dhanishtha to Revati), when tradition defers certain tasks.
Panchang (पंचांग)
The Hindu almanac of the day's five limbs: tithi, vaar, nakshatra, yoga and karana.
Panchang shuddhi (पंचांग शुद्धि)
Checking all five limbs, tithi, vaar, nakshatra, yoga and karana, for a muhurta.
Parampara (source label) (परंपरा (स्रोत-लेबल))
The label for a point from living tradition that was not found in our library of texts.
Parashari system (पराशरी पद्धति)
The system based on the Bṛhat Parāśara Horā Śāstra, centred on Vimshottari dasha and house lordship; ePandit follows it.
Parivartana yoga (परिवर्तन योग)
The lords of two houses sitting in each other's signs (sign exchange).
Pitru check (calm) (पितृ स्मरण (शांत जाँच))
'Pitru dosha' is not found in our texts; ePandit shows only where the 9th lord and the Sun stand, and sees śrāddha as the living way of remembering ancestors.
Prana dasha (प्राण दशा)
The fifth level inside a sookshma dasha, lasting a few hours.
Prashna (horary) (प्रश्न)
The method of reading an answer from the chart of the moment a question is asked.
Pratyantar dasha (प्रत्यंतर दशा)
The third level inside an antardasha, divided in the same proportion.
Purnima (पूर्णिमा)
The 15th tithi of the shukla paksha, the full Moon.
Purnimanta (पूर्णिमांत)
The month that ends on purnima; used in North India.
Putra bhava (5th house) (पुत्र भाव)
The 5th house: children, intelligence, learning and past merit.
Pāya (पाया)
A folk custom written in janam-patris (gold, silver, copper, iron); no ceremony or fortune depends on it.
Rahu (राहु)
The Moon's north node, where its orbit crosses the ecliptic; ePandit uses the mean node.
Rahu kaal (राहु काल)
One-eighth of the daytime, a different part each weekday; tradition does not choose it for new beginnings.
Raja yoga (राज योग)
A link between kendra and trikona lords; a leaning towards responsibility and opportunity, not a promise of position.
Randhra bhava (8th house) (रंध्र भाव)
The 8th house: hidden matters, sudden change, research and inheritance.
Rashi (sign) (राशि)
The twelve equal 30° parts of the zodiac, from Mesha to Meena.
Rashi chart (D1) (राशि कुंडली (D1))
The main birth chart, in which each house is one whole sign; every divisional chart is built from it.
Rashi swami (sign lord) (राशि स्वामी)
The planet that rules each sign, e.g. Mars for Mesha and Venus for Vrishabha.
Ratna (gem) (रत्न)
A gem linked with a graha; ePandit suggests one only for the chart's functional benefics, always beside its uparatna; guidance only, source-labelled.
Required shadbala (आवश्यक बल)
The minimum Raman sets for each planet, e.g. Sun 300 and Mercury 420 virupas.
Ripu bhava (6th house) (षष्ठ (रिपु) भाव)
The 6th house: daily work, service, debts and competition.
Ritu (season) (ऋतु)
The six two-month seasons: vasanta, grishma, varsha, sharad, hemanta, shishira.
Ruchaka yoga (रुचक योग)
The Pancha Mahapurusha yoga formed by Mars.
Rudraksha (रुद्राक्ष)
The dried seed of the rudraksha tree, sorted by its number of faces (mukhi) and worn as beads; guidance only, source-labelled.
Rupa (रूप)
The larger unit of shadbala; 1 rupa = 60 virupas.
Sade sati (साढ़े साती)
Saturn's transit through the 12th, 1st and 2nd signs from the Moon sign, about 7½ years; read with vedha, ashtakavarga and the dasha, never alone.
Sahaja bhava (3rd house) (सहज भाव)
The 3rd house: younger siblings, courage, writing and short journeys.
Samhita (संहिता)
The branch of jyotish dealing with weather, omens, building and collective matters.
Sankranti (संक्रांति)
The Sun's entry into the next sidereal sign, e.g. Makar Sankranti.
Sanskar (संस्कार)
The Vedic rites held at life's turning points, such as naming and first feeding.
Saptamsa (D7) (सप्तांश (D7))
The sign split into seven; linked with children.
Saptavarga (सप्तवर्ग)
The shadvarga plus the saptamsa (D7), seven vargas in all; used in part of shadbala.
Sarala yoga (सरल योग)
The 8th lord in the 6th, 8th or 12th.
Sarvashtakavarga (SAV) (सर्वाष्टकवर्ग (SAV))
The seven BAV tables added sign by sign; the total is 337 in every chart.
Saumya and krura grahas (सौम्य और क्रूर ग्रह)
An old grouping by nature: Jupiter, Venus, Mercury and the waxing Moon gentle; Sun, Mars, Saturn, Rahu, Ketu fierce; not a verdict.
Saura masa (solar month) (सौर मास)
The time the Sun spends in one sign, from one sankranti to the next.
Sayana (tropical) (सायन)
The zodiac measured from the spring equinox, used in Western astrology.
Seva (service) (सेवा)
Service to parents, elders, cows or those in need, which tradition links with each graha; guidance only, source-labelled.
Shadbala (षड्बल)
An arithmetic measure of a planet's strength made by adding six parts; the number alone decides no result.
Shadvarga (षड्वर्ग)
The group of six vargas: D1, D2, D3, D9, D12 and D30.
Shaka Samvat (शक संवत)
The era of India's national calendar, 78 years behind the Common Era.
Shani (Saturn) (शनि)
The graha tradition links with discipline, work and time; lord of Makara and Kumbha, exalted in Tula.
Shasha yoga (शश योग)
The Pancha Mahapurusha yoga formed by Saturn.
Shashtiamsa (D60) (षष्ट्यंश (D60))
The sign split into sixty parts of half a degree each; the varga most sensitive to birth time.
Shastra (source label) (शास्त्र (स्रोत-लेबल))
The ePandit label for a point checked against a named classical text.
Shodash sanskar (षोडश संस्कार)
The sixteen main sanskars of tradition, from garbhadhan to marriage and beyond.
Shodashamsa (D16) (षोडशांश (D16))
The sign split into sixteen; linked with vehicles and comforts.
Shodashvarga (षोडशवर्ग)
Parashara's sixteen divisional charts, from D1 to D60.
Shodhana (reduction) (शोधन)
Reducing the ashtakavarga figures by the trikona and ekadhipatya rules; ePandit shows the unreduced figures.
Shukla paksha (शुक्ल पक्ष)
The waxing fortnight from amavasya to purnima.
Shukra (Venus) (शुक्र)
The graha tradition links with love, art and comfort; lord of Vrishabha and Tula, exalted in Meena.
Siddhanta (सिद्धांत)
The mathematical-astronomical branch of jyotish that computes planetary positions.
Simha (Leo) (सिंह)
The 5th sign, fire, fixed; ruled by the Sun.
Sookshma dasha (सूक्ष्म दशा)
The fourth level inside a pratyantar, lasting a few days.
Source label (स्रोत-लेबल)
The source written beside every remedy: shastra, tradition, folk belief or Lal Kitab.
South Indian chart style (दक्षिण भारतीय कुंडली)
The square chart in which the signs stay fixed and the lagna is marked.
Sthana bala (positional strength) (स्थान बल)
Strength from position: sign, exaltation, vargas, kendra and so on.
Sthira rashi (fixed sign) (स्थिर राशि)
Vrishabha, Simha, Vrishchika and Kumbha, which tradition links with steadiness.
Sukha bhava (4th house) (सुख भाव)
The 4th house: mother, home, vehicles and inner comfort.
Sunapha yoga (सुनफा योग)
A planet other than the Sun in the 2nd from the Moon.
Surya (Sun) (सूर्य)
The graha tradition links with the self and the father; lord of Simha, exalted in Mesha.
Suryoday (sunrise) (सूर्योदय)
The start of the panchang day; its time, and so the day's limbs, change with place.
Svakshetra (own sign) (स्वक्षेत्र (स्वराशि))
A planet placed in a sign it rules, e.g. Venus in Tula.
Tajik (varshaphal) (ताजिक (वर्षफल))
The annual-chart system, cast for the moment the Sun returns to its birth position.
Tanu bhava (1st house) (तनु भाव)
The 1st house: body, temperament and the direction of life.
Tara (koota) (तारा (कूट))
The koota from counting one person's birth nakshatra to the other's; worth 3 points in matching.
Tara bala (तारा बल)
Counting from the birth nakshatra to the day's nakshatra to see which of nine taras (janma, sampat, vipat, kshema…) it is.
Tatkalika maitri (temporary friendship) (तात्कालिक मैत्री)
Planets in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 10th, 11th or 12th from each other count as friends in that chart.
Tattva (element) (तत्त्व)
The four elements of the signs, fire, earth, air and water, repeating in order from Mesha.
Tithi (तिथि)
Each 12° the Moon gains on the Sun is one tithi; a lunar month has 30.
Tithi groups (Nanda to Purna) (नंदा, भद्रा, जया, रिक्ता, पूर्णा)
Five groups of tithis repeating every five; tradition seldom picks rikta (4, 9, 14) for new beginnings.
Trikona (trines) (त्रिकोण)
The 1st, 5th and 9th houses, also called the Lakshmi sthanas.
Trimshamsa (D30) (त्रिंशांश (D30))
The sign split into five unequal parts (of Mars, Saturn, Jupiter, Mercury, Venus); linked with life's challenges.
Tula (Libra) (तुला)
The 7th sign, air, movable; ruled by Venus.
Uchcha (exaltation) (उच्च)
The sign (and degree) where tradition places a planet at its highest dignity, e.g. the Sun at Mesha 10°.
Uchcha bala (उच्च बल)
The part of sthana bala based on a planet's distance from its debilitation point; 60 virupas at exaltation.
Udaya tithi (उदय तिथि)
The tithi running at sunrise, which sets the day's tithi and most vrats.
Upachaya (houses of growth) (उपचय)
The 3rd, 6th, 10th and 11th houses, whose results tradition sees growing with time and effort.
Upanayan (उपनयन)
The rite of taking the sacred thread and beginning Vedic study.
Uparatna (substitute gem) (उपरत्न)
The traditional lower-cost alternative to a gem, shown beside every ratna; guidance only, source-labelled.
Upaya (remedy) (उपाय)
Conduct, prayer, charity or objects that tradition suggests; on ePandit, guidance only, source-labelled, ₹0 options first.
Vaar (weekday) (वार)
The weekday, each with a planetary lord; in the panchang the day changes at sunrise.
Vakri (retrograde) (वक्री)
A planet appearing to move backwards as seen from Earth; the Sun and Moon never do.
Varga (divisional chart) (वर्ग (विभागीय कुंडली))
A supporting chart made by dividing each sign into equal parts, such as the navamsa (D9).
Vargottama (वर्गोत्तम)
A planet (or the lagna) occupying the same sign in the rashi chart and the navamsa.
Varjyam (वर्ज्य)
A set part of each nakshatra that South Indian panchangs in particular set aside for new work.
Varna (koota) (वर्ण (कूट))
An old astrological category from the Moon sign's element, not caste; worth 1 point in matching.
Varshesh (year lord) (वर्षेश)
The lord of the year in the annual chart, chosen from five office-bearers.
Vashya (वश्य)
Five groups by Moon sign (quadruped, human, water, wild, insect); worth 2 points in matching.
Vedha (obstruction) (वेध)
The transit rule in which another planet's position blocks the result of a favourable transit.
Vidyarambh (विद्यारंभ)
The rite that begins a child's learning by writing the first letters.
Vikram Samvat (विक्रम संवत)
The era used in North India, about 57 years ahead of the Common Era.
Vimala yoga (विमल योग)
The 12th lord in the 6th, 8th or 12th.
Vimshamsa (D20) (विंशांश (D20))
The sign split into twenty; linked with worship and spiritual life.
Vimshopaka bala (विंशोपक बल)
A score out of 20 from a planet's dignity across the vargas.
Vimshottari dasha (विंशोत्तरी दशा)
A 120-year cycle of nine mahadashas, starting from the lord of the birth nakshatra.
Vipareeta raja yoga (विपरीत राज योग)
The lord of the 6th, 8th or 12th placed in one of these same houses (Harsha, Sarala, Vimala).
Vipareeta vedha (विपरीत वेध)
The reverse of vedha: the result of a difficult transit blocked by another planet's position.
Virupa (shashtiamsa) (विरूप (षष्ट्यंश))
The smaller unit of shadbala, one-sixtieth of a rupa.
Vishesh drishti (special aspect) (विशेष दृष्टि)
The extra full aspects of Mars (4th, 8th), Jupiter (5th, 9th) and Saturn (3rd, 10th) besides the 7th.
Vivah (विवाह)
The marriage sanskar, whose muhurta and matching rules are in the muhurta texts.
Vrat (fast) (व्रत)
A vow of restraint or fasting on a tithi or weekday; for health, a doctor's advice comes first; guidance only, source-labelled.
Vriddhi tithi (वृद्धि तिथि)
A tithi that spans two sunrises, so it is written on two days.
Vrishabha (Taurus) (वृषभ)
The 2nd sign, earth, fixed; ruled by Venus.
Vrishchika (Scorpio) (वृश्चिक)
The 8th sign, water, fixed; ruled by Mars.
Vyaya bhava (12th house) (व्यय भाव)
The 12th house: expense, distant lands, solitude and liberation.
Yamaganda (यमगंड)
A one-eighth part of the day like rahu kaal, printed mainly in South Indian panchangs.
Yantra (यंत्र)
A geometric diagram linked with a deity or graha, used in worship; guidance only, source-labelled.
Yoga (chart combination) (योग (कुंडली))
A specific planetary combination whose rule is written in the texts; no yoga decides a life by itself.
Yoga (panchang) (योग (पंचांग))
The 27 yogas from the sum of the Sun's and Moon's longitudes in 13°20′ steps, Vishkambha to Vaidhriti.
Yogakaraka (योगकारक)
A planet that rules both a kendra and a trikona for a lagna, e.g. Saturn for Vrishabha and Tula lagnas.
Yogini dasha (योगिनी दशा)
A 36-year cycle of eight yoginis (Mangala to Sankata) lasting 1 to 8 years each.
Yoni (योनि)
An animal symbol given to each nakshatra (14 animals); worth 4 points in matching.
Yuti (conjunction) (युति)
Two or more planets in the same sign (house).